monitoring/conf/prometheus/alerts/postgres-exporter.yml

groups:

- name: PostgresExporter

  rules:

    - alert: PostgresqlDown
      expr: 'pg_up == 0'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql down (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgresql instance is down\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlRestarted
      expr: 'time() - pg_postmaster_start_time_seconds < 60'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql restarted (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgresql restarted\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlExporterError
      expr: 'pg_exporter_last_scrape_error > 0'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql exporter error (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgresql exporter is showing errors. A query may be buggy in query.yaml\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlTableNotAutoVacuumed
      expr: '((pg_stat_user_tables_n_tup_del + pg_stat_user_tables_n_tup_upd + pg_stat_user_tables_n_tup_hot_upd) > pg_settings_autovacuum_vacuum_threshold) and (time() - pg_stat_user_tables_last_autovacuum) > 864000'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql table not auto vacuumed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Table {{ $labels.relname }} has not been auto vacuumed for 10 days\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlTableNotAutoAnalyzed
      expr: '((pg_stat_user_tables_n_tup_del + pg_stat_user_tables_n_tup_upd + pg_stat_user_tables_n_tup_hot_upd) > pg_settings_autovacuum_analyze_threshold) and (time() - pg_stat_user_tables_last_autoanalyze) > 864000'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql table not auto analyzed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Table {{ $labels.relname }} has not been auto analyzed for 10 days\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlTooManyConnections
      expr: 'sum by (instance, job, server) (pg_stat_activity_count) > min by (instance, job, server) (pg_settings_max_connections * 0.8)'
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql too many connections (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "PostgreSQL instance has too many connections (> 80%).\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlNotEnoughConnections
      expr: 'sum by (datname) (pg_stat_activity_count{datname!~"template.*|postgres"}) < 5'
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql not enough connections (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "PostgreSQL instance should have more connections (> 5)\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlDeadLocks
      expr: 'increase(pg_stat_database_deadlocks{datname!~"template.*|postgres"}[1m]) > 5'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql dead locks (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "PostgreSQL has dead-locks\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlHighRollbackRate
      expr: 'sum by (namespace,datname) ((rate(pg_stat_database_xact_rollback{datname!~"template.*|postgres",datid!="0"}[3m])) / ((rate(pg_stat_database_xact_rollback{datname!~"template.*|postgres",datid!="0"}[3m])) + (rate(pg_stat_database_xact_commit{datname!~"template.*|postgres",datid!="0"}[3m])))) > 0.02'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql high rollback rate (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Ratio of transactions being aborted compared to committed is > 2 %\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlCommitRateLow
      expr: 'increase(pg_stat_database_xact_commit{datname!~"template.*|postgres",datid!="0"}[5m]) < 5'
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql commit rate low (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgresql seems to be processing very few transactions\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlLowXidConsumption
      expr: 'rate(pg_txid_current[1m]) < 5'
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql low XID consumption (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgresql seems to be consuming transaction IDs very slowly\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlHighRateStatementTimeout
      expr: 'rate(postgresql_errors_total{type="statement_timeout"}[1m]) > 3'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql high rate statement timeout (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgres transactions showing high rate of statement timeouts\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlHighRateDeadlock
      expr: 'increase(postgresql_errors_total{type="deadlock_detected"}[1m]) > 1'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql high rate deadlock (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgres detected deadlocks\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlUnusedReplicationSlot
      expr: 'pg_replication_slots_active == 0'
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql unused replication slot (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Unused Replication Slots\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlTooManyDeadTuples
      expr: '((pg_stat_user_tables_n_dead_tup > 10000) / (pg_stat_user_tables_n_live_tup + pg_stat_user_tables_n_dead_tup)) >= 0.1'
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql too many dead tuples (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "PostgreSQL dead tuples is too large\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlConfigurationChanged
      expr: '{__name__=~"pg_settings_.*"} != ON(__name__, instance) {__name__=~"pg_settings_([^t]|t[^r]|tr[^a]|tra[^n]|tran[^s]|trans[^a]|transa[^c]|transac[^t]|transact[^i]|transacti[^o]|transactio[^n]|transaction[^_]|transaction_[^r]|transaction_r[^e]|transaction_re[^a]|transaction_rea[^d]|transaction_read[^_]|transaction_read_[^o]|transaction_read_o[^n]|transaction_read_on[^l]|transaction_read_onl[^y]).*"} OFFSET 5m'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: info
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql configuration changed (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Postgres Database configuration change has occurred\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlSslCompressionActive
      expr: 'sum(pg_stat_ssl_compression) > 0'
      for: 0m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql SSL compression active (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Database allows connections with SSL compression enabled.\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlTooManyLocksAcquired
      expr: '((sum (pg_locks_count)) / (pg_settings_max_locks_per_transaction * pg_settings_max_connections)) > 0.20'
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql too many locks acquired (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "Too many locks acquired on the database. If this alert happens frequently, we may need to increase the postgres setting max_locks_per_transaction.\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlBloatIndexHigh(>80%)
      expr: 'pg_bloat_btree_bloat_pct > 80 and on (idxname) (pg_bloat_btree_real_size > 100000000)'
      for: 1h
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql bloat index high (> 80%) (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "The index {{ $labels.idxname }} is bloated. You should execute `REINDEX INDEX CONCURRENTLY {{ $labels.idxname }};`\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlBloatTableHigh(>80%)
      expr: 'pg_bloat_table_bloat_pct > 80 and on (relname) (pg_bloat_table_real_size > 200000000)'
      for: 1h
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql bloat table high (> 80%) (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "The table {{ $labels.relname }} is bloated. You should execute `VACUUM {{ $labels.relname }};`\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"

    - alert: PostgresqlInvalidIndex
      expr: 'pg_general_index_info_pg_relation_size{indexrelname=~".*ccnew.*"}'
      for: 6h
      labels:
        severity: warning
      annotations:
        summary: Postgresql invalid index (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
        description: "The table {{ $labels.relname }} has an invalid index: {{ $labels.indexrelname }}. You should execute `DROP INDEX {{ $labels.indexrelname }};`\n  VALUE = {{ $value }}\n  LABELS = {{ $labels }}"