# Keys Keys are required for decrypting most of the file formats used by the Nintendo Switch. Keysets are stored as text files, and are loaded from `$HOME/.switch`. These 3 filenames are automatically read: `prod.keys` - Contains common keys usedy by all Switch devices. `console.keys` - Contains console-unique keys. `title.keys` - Contains game-specific keys. #### XTS-AES keys note The Switch uses 128-bit XTS-AES for decrypting the built-in storage (BIS), NCA header and the SD card contents. This encryption method uses 2 128-bit keys: a "data" or "cipher" key, and a "tweak" key. In the keyfile these are stored as one 256-bit key with the data key first, followed by the tweak key. ## Keyfile format `prod.keys` and `console.keys` should be in the following format with one key per line: `key_name = hexadecimal_key_value` e.g. (Not actual keys) ``` master_key_00 = 63C9FCB338CDE3D037D29BB66F897C6B master_key_01 = 4636CB976DFE95095C1F55151A8326C6 header_key_source = 343795270AAD5D19EBE2956C9BC71F4C41836B21DC6ACD7BACD4F6AF4816692C ``` #### Title Keys `title.keys` should be in either one of the following formats with one key per line: `rights_id,hexadecimal_key_value` e.g. (Not actual keys) ``` 01000000000100000000000000000003,B4A1F5575D7D8A81624ED36D4E4BD8FD 01000000000108000000000000000003,C8AD76F8C78E241ADFEE6EB12E33F1BD 01000000000108000000000000000004,F9C8EAD30BB594434E4AF62C483CD796 ``` `rights_id|hexadecimal_key_value|title_name` e.g. (Not actual keys) ``` 01000000000100000000000000000003|B4A1F5575D7D8A81624ED36D4E4BD8FD|Best Video Game Title 01000000000108000000000000000003|C8AD76F8C78E241ADFEE6EB12E33F1BD|Game of the Year 01000000000108000000000000000004|F9C8EAD30BB594434E4AF62C483CD796|Most Anticipated Video Game Sequel ``` `title_id|rights_id|hexadecimal_key_value|is_update|is_dlc|is_demo|base_name|title_name|version|region` e.g. (Not actual keys) ``` 0100000000010000|01000000000100000000000000000003|B4A1F5575D7D8A81624ED36D4E4BD8FD|0|0|0|Best Video Game Title|Best Video Game Title|0|US 0100000000010800|01000000000108000000000000000003|C8AD76F8C78E241ADFEE6EB12E33F1BD|1|0|0|Game of the Year|Game of the Year|0|US 0100000000010800|01000000000108000000000000000004|F9C8EAD30BB594434E4AF62C483CD796|1|0|0|Most Anticipated Video Game Sequel|Most Anticipated Video Game Sequel|0|US ``` ## Keyfile templates This template contains the keys needed to derive all the keys used by hactoolnet, although not all of them are needed for every task. Fill out the template with the actual keys to get a working keyfile. ``` master_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX master_key_00 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX master_key_01 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX master_key_02 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX master_key_03 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX master_key_04 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX master_key_05 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_mac_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_key_source_00 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_key_source_01 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_key_source_02 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_key_source_03 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_key_source_04 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX keyblob_key_source_05 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX package1_key_00 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX package1_key_01 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX package1_key_02 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX package1_key_03 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX package1_key_04 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX package2_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX aes_kek_generation_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX aes_key_generation_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX titlekek_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX key_area_key_application_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX key_area_key_ocean_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX key_area_key_system_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX sd_card_kek_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX sd_card_save_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX sd_card_nca_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX header_kek_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX header_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX xci_header_key = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX retail_specific_aes_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX per_console_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX eticket_rsa_kek = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_source_00 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_source_01 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_source_02 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_kek_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX save_mac_kek_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX save_mac_key_source = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX ``` ### Console-unique keys This template is for console-unique keys. ``` tsec_key = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX secure_boot_key = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX sd_seed = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX # The below keys can be derived from tsec_key and secure_boot_key device_key = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_00 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_01 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_02 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX bis_key_03 = XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX ``` ## Complete key list Below is a complete list of keys that are currently recognized. \## represents a hexadecimal number between 00 and 1F ### Common keys ``` master_key_source keyblob_mac_key_source package2_key_source aes_kek_generation_source aes_key_generation_source key_area_key_application_source key_area_key_ocean_source key_area_key_system_source titlekek_source header_kek_source header_key_source sd_card_kek_source sd_card_nca_key_source sd_card_save_key_source retail_specific_aes_key_source per_console_key_source bis_kek_source bis_key_source_00 bis_key_source_01 bis_key_source_02 save_mac_kek_source save_mac_key_source header_key xci_header_key eticket_rsa_kek master_key_## package1_key_## package2_key_## titlekek_## key_area_key_application_## key_area_key_ocean_## key_area_key_system_## keyblob_key_source_## keyblob_## ``` ### Console-unique keys ``` secure_boot_key tsec_key device_key bis_key_00 bis_key_01 bis_key_02 bis_key_03 keyblob_key_## keyblob_mac_key_## encrypted_keyblob_## sd_seed ```